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Plato's dialogue The Statesman has often been found structurally puzzling by commentators because of its apparent diffuseness and disjointed transitions. In this book David White interprets the dialogue in ways which account for this problematic structure, and which also connect the primary themes of the dialogue with two subsequent dialogues The Philebus and The Laws.

Plato --- Metaphysics. --- Dialectic. --- Métaphysique --- Dialectique --- Plato. --- Métaphysique --- Polarity --- Polarity (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- God --- Ontology --- Philosophy of mind

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Philosophy, Ancient --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Plato --- Plato. --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- Aflāṭūn --- Aplaton --- Bolatu --- Platon, --- Platonas --- Platone --- Po-la-tʻu --- Pʻŭllatʻo --- Pʻŭllatʻon --- Pʻuratʻon --- Πλάτων --- אפלטון --- פלאטא --- פלאטאן --- פלאטו --- أفلاطون --- 柏拉圖 --- 플라톤 --- Платон --- プラトン --- Platon --- Afl�a�t�un --- Eflatun --- Po-la-t�u --- P��ullat�o --- P��ullat�on --- P�urat�on

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Given its brevity, Plato's Meno covers an astonishingly wide array of topics: politics, education, virtue, definition, philosophical method, mathematics, the nature and acquisition of knowledge and immortality. Its treatment of these, though profound, is tantalisingly short, leaving the reader with many unresolved questions. This book confronts the dialogue's many enigmas and attempts to solve them in a way that is both lucid and sympathetic to Plato's philosophy. Reading the dialogue as a whole, it explains how different arguments are related to one another and how the interplay between characters is connected to the philosophical content of the work. In a new departure, this book's exploration focuses primarily on the content and coherence of the dialogue in its own right and not merely in the context of other dialogues, making it required reading for all students of Plato, be they from the world of classics or philosophy.

Plato --- Virtue --- Vertus --- Early works to 1800 --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Socrates --- Plato. --- Socrates. --- Socrate --- Socrates Constantinopolitanus Scholasticus --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Sokrates --- Sokrat, --- Sokrates, --- Suqrāṭ, --- Su-ko-la-ti, --- Sugeladi, --- Sokuratesu, --- Sākreṭīsa, --- Socrate, --- سقراط, --- Σωκράτης,

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Kurt Gödel (1906–1978) shook the mathematical world in 1931 by a result that has become an icon of 20th century science: The search for rigour in proving mathematical theorems had led to the formalization of mathematical proofs, to the extent that such proving could be reduced to the application of a few mechanical rules. Gödel showed that whenever the part of mathematics under formalization contains elementary arithmetic, there will be arithmetical statements that should be formally provable but aren’t. The result is known as Gödel’s first incompleteness theorem, so called because there is a second incompleteness result, embodied in his answer to the question "Can mathematics be proved consistent?" This book offers the first examination of Gödel’s preserved notebooks from 1930, written in a long-forgotten German shorthand, that show his way to the results: his first ideas, how they evolved, and how the jewel-like final presentation in his famous publication On formally undecidable propositions was composed.The book also contains the original version of Gödel’s incompleteness article, as handed in for publication with no mentioning of the second incompleteness theorem, as well as six contemporary lectures and seminars Gödel gave between 1931 and 1934 in Austria, Germany, and the United States. The lectures are masterpieces of accessible presentations of deep scientific results, readable even for those without special mathematical training, and published here for the first time.

Mathematics. --- History. --- Mathematical logic. --- History of Mathematical Sciences. --- Mathematical Logic and Foundations. --- Algebra of logic --- Logic, Universal --- Mathematical logic --- Symbolic and mathematical logic --- Symbolic logic --- Mathematics --- Algebra, Abstract --- Metamathematics --- Set theory --- Syllogism --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Math --- Science

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Of all Plato's dialogues, the Parmenides is notoriously the most difficult to interpret. Scholars of all periods have disagreed about its aims and subject matter. The interpretations have ranged from reading the dialogue as an introduction to the whole of Platonic metaphysics to seeing it as a collection of sophisticated tricks, or even as an elaborate joke. This work presents an illuminating new translation of the dialogue together with an extensive introduction and running commentary, giving a unified explanation of the Parmenides and integrating it firmly within the context of Plato's metaphysics and methodology. Scolnicov shows that in the Parmenides Plato addresses the most serious challenge to his own philosophy: the monism of Parmenides and the Eleatics. In addition to providing a serious rebuttal to Parmenides, Plato here re-formulates his own theory of forms and participation, arguments that are central to the whole of Platonic thought, and provides these concepts with a rigorous logical and philosophical foundation. In Scolnicov's analysis, the Parmenides emerges as an extension of ideas from Plato's middle dialogues and as an opening to the later dialogues. Scolnicov's analysis is crisp and lucid, offering a persuasive approach to a complicated dialogue. This translation follows the Greek closely, and the commentary affords the Greekless reader a clear understanding of how Scolnicov's interpretation emerges from the text. This volume will provide a valuable introduction and framework for understanding a dialogue that continues to generate lively discussion today.

Dialectic --- Reasoning --- Ontology --- Polarity --- Polarity (Philosophy) --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Logic --- Plato. --- Zeno, --- Parmenides. --- Socrates. --- Socrates --- Socrate --- Zenón, --- Zénon, --- Zenon, --- Ζήνων, --- Zēnōn, --- Sokrates --- Sokrat, --- Sokrates, --- Suqrāṭ, --- Su-ko-la-ti, --- Sugeladi, --- Sokuratesu, --- Sākreṭīsa, --- Socrate, --- سقراط, --- Σωκράτης, --- ancient classics. --- ancient greece. --- ancient greek philosophy. --- classic philosophy. --- classical philosophy. --- classical thought. --- classics. --- eleatics. --- forms. --- greece. --- greek philosophy. --- greek translation. --- greeks. --- logic. --- metaphysics. --- monism. --- mystic. --- neoplatonism. --- parmenides. --- philosophy. --- plato. --- platonic metaphysics. --- platonism. --- religion. --- spirituality. --- western canon.